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Plaetorius was the family name ''(nomen)'' of a plebeian ''gens'' in ancient Rome. ==Roman Republic== Plaetorii are noted as holding office during the Republic from the 2nd century BC through the civil wars of the 40s BC.〔Unless otherwise noted, information on careers and citations of primary sources from T.R.S. Broughton, ''The Magistrates of the Roman Republic'' (American Philological Association, 1951, 1952, 1986), vols. 1–3. 〕 Several members of the ''gens'' issued denarii from the late 70s into the 40s,〔Michael H. Crawford, ''Roman Republican Coinage'' (Cambridge University Press, 1974), pp. 83, 86–87, 408, 415, 418.〕 one of them punning on the ''cognomen'' Cestianus by depicting an athlete holding a cestus.〔Eugene S. McCartney, "Casting Puns on Ancient Monuments," ''American Journal of Archaeology'' 23 (1919), p. 62.〕 The Cestiani branch seems to come from a Praenestine family of Cestii by adoption into the Plaetorii of Tusculum.〔Crawford, ''Roman Republican Coinage'', p. 418, citing T.P. Wiseman, ''New Men of the Roman Senate'', 251.〕 Their coinage representing Sors recognizes Praeneste as the Italic oracle most renowned for the casting of lots.〔Crawford, ''Roman Republican Coinage'', p. 418.〕 A Plaetorius is among the supporters of Pompeius in the civil wars of the 40s, and the best-known coinage from a member of the ''gens'' is a denarius issued for Brutus commemorating the assassination of Caesar on the Ides of March. * Marcus Plaetorius, a tribune of the ''plebs'' at an uncertain date. He carried out passage of a plebiscite that established what attendants the ''praetor peregrinus'' might have. The office of ''praetor peregrinus'' was established in the late 240s BC.〔Censorinus, ''De die natali'' 24.3; Plautus, Epidicus'' 25–27; Varro, ''De lingua latina'' 6.5; Aulus Gellius 3.2.4; Broughton, ''MRR''2, p. 472.〕 * Plaetorius, a tribune of the ''plebs'' before 192. No title is preserved,〔Discussed by Broughton, ''MRR''2, p. 472.〕 but Cicero names a ''Lex Plaetoria''〔''Plaetoria'', Broughton ''contra'' ''RE'', Supb. 7.398, which has ''Laetoria''.〕 that protected young men and minors from fraud,〔Cicero, ''De officiis'' 3.61 and ''De natura deorum'' 3.74; also the ''Lex Iulia Municipalis'', line 112.〕 and references in Plautus to such legislation would date it prior to 191 BC.〔Plautus, ''Pseudolus'' 303f. and ''Rudens'' 1380–1382.〕 * Plaetorius, a tribune of the ''plebs'' before 175. A Plaetorius authored a law under which an altar was dedicated to Verminus by Aulus Postumius Albinus (consul 180 BC) as duovir, and another altar that was found in the Largo Argentina.〔Broughton, ''MRR''2, p. 472.〕 * Gaius Plaetorius was a legate sent as one of three ambassadors to King Gentius of Illyria to protest attacks on allies of Rome.〔Livy 42.26.6–7; Broughton, ''MRR''1, p. 414. The other two ambassadors were Aulus Terentius Varro and Gaius Cicereius.〕 * Lucius Plaetorius, a senator in 129.〔''Senatus consultum de Agro Pergameno'', with ''Plattorius'' amended to ''Plaetorius''; Broughton, ''MRR''2, p. 494.〕 * Marcus Plaetorius, a senator put to death on Sulla's orders in 82, along with Venuleius. Münzer distinguishes him from the M. Laetorius who accompanied Gaius Marius into exile in 88 BC, but the names ''Laetorius'' and ''Plaetorius'' often create textual difficulties.〔Valerius Maximus 9.2.1, see also Florus 2.9.26 (without ''praenomen'') and Orosius 5.21.8 as P. Laetorius; Broughton, ''MRR''2, p. 494, and ''MRR''3, p. 157.〕 * Lucius Plaetorius, possibly a Cestianus, a quaestor ''ca.'' 74–72 BC, or as late as 66, when Cicero refers to him as a senator.〔Cicero, ''Pro Cluentio'' 165.〕 His father's name was Lucius. Crawford dates his coinage to 74.〔Broughton, ''MRR''2, p. 102, and ''MRR''3, p. 157.〕 * Marcus Plaetorius Cestianus is the most extensively documented of the Republican Plaetorii, but the dating of his offices is problematic.〔See also Ronald Syme, reviewing Broughton's ''MRR'' in ''Classical Philology'' 50.2 (1955), pp. 129–130, 132.〕 Crawford places his coinage as a ''monetalis'' in 69, but he was quaestor sometime before he prosecuted Fonteius in 69 BC,〔Cicero, ''Pro Fronteio'' 1.〕 and in the Late Republic a young man usually served as a moneyer before a quaestorship.〔On this point see also Ronald Syme, “The Sons of Crassus.” Latomus 39 (1980) 403–408.〕 He was curule aedile most likely in 67,〔Cicero, ''Pro Cluentio'' 126.〕 when he also issued coinage. In 66, he was a ''iudex'' for a ''quaestio de sicariis''.〔Cicero, ''Pro Cluentio'' 147, see also 126.〕 He was praetor possibly in 64,〔Broughton, ''MRR''2, pp. 161–162, conjectures this date for a praetorship based on assigning his service as a ''iudex'' to 66 and on the gap that leaves room for his name on the Fasti of Macedonia.〕 then governor in Macedonia, where he succeeded Lucius Manlius Torquatus in 63 and was followed by Gaius Antonius Hybrida in 62. He is called ''strategos'' (Greek στρατηγός) in an inscription from Delphi.〔''SEG'' I.165 Delphi.〕 He seems to have served under Lentulus Spinther in Cilicia in 55,〔Cicero, ''Ad familiares'' 1.8.1, where the M. Plaetorius referred to is not identified as ''Cestianus''.〕 but there is no evidence for an official position.〔 Broughton, ''MRR''2, pp. 128, 143, 150 (note 3, where he explains his reasoning for assigning years for Plaetorius's offices), 161–162, 169, 219; ''MRR''3, p. 157.〕 * Gaius Plaetorius, quaestor under Gnaeus Domitius Calvinus in Pontus in 48.〔''Bellum Alexandrinum'' 34.5; Broughton, ''MRR''2, p. 274.〕 * Plaetorius Rustianus, a senator in 46. He was a leader among Pompey's forces in Africa and died at Hippo.〔''Bellum Africum'' 96; Broughton, ''MRR''2, p. 494.〕 * Lucius Plaetorius Cestianus, a quaestor or proquaestor under Brutus in 42.〔Broughton, ''MRR''2, p. 360. Epigraphic evidence as ''L. Plaet(orius) Cest(ianus)''.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Plaetoria (gens)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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